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Biology &
Medicine
The
Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy: This is serious stuff. The most
widely used medical text in the world and the hypochondriac's bible, the
Merck has the lowdown on the vast expanse of human diseases, disorders
and injuries, as well as their symptoms and recommended therapy. It's intended
for physicians and medical students, but though the type is tiny and the
language technical, the Merck's a valuable volume for anyone with more
than a passing interest in bodily ills.
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Instant
Biology: Whether you're bewildered by the vast number of organisms
inhabiting our planet or just crave a clear and comprehensive explanation
of the endoplasmic reticulum, Instant Biology will guide you through the
science that brings the very act of living (and dying) to life. From an
enlightening walk down the double helix stairway to a look at Darwin's
evolutionary musings on the diversity of existence, Instant Biology lays
bare the facts of life. But Boyce Rensberger goes beyond the birds and
the bees to delight in the details that make science fun, like the stubborn
micro-species of mite that insist on living in your eyelashes.
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The
Greatest Benefit to Mankind : A Medical History of Humanity - Samuel
Johnson once called the medical profession "the greatest benefit to mankind."
In the 20th century, the quality of that benefit has improved more
and more rapidly than at any other comparable time in history. With all
the capabilities of modern medicine's practicioners, however, we as a people
are as worried about our health as ever. Roy Porter, a social historian
of medicine the London's Wellcome Institute, has written an dauntingly
thick history of how medical thinking and practice has risen to the challenges
of disease through the centuries. But delve into its pages, and you'll
find one marvelous bit of history after another. The obvious highlights
are touched upon--Hippocrates introduces his oath, Pasteur homogenizes,
Jonas Salk produces the polio vaccine, and so on--but there's also Dr.
Francis Willis's curing of The Madness of King George, W. T. G. Morton's
hucksterish use of ether in surgery, and research on digestion conducted
using a man with a stomach fistula (if you don't know what that means,
you may not want to know). Porter is straightforward about his deliberate
focus on Western medical traditions, citing their predominant influence
on global medicine, and with The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, he has produced
a volume worthy of that tradition's legacy.
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Biological
Exuberance : Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity - Bruce Bagemihl
writes that Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity
was a "labor of love." And indeed it must have been, since most scientists
have thus far studiously avoided the topic of widespread homosexual behavior
in the animal kingdom--sometimes in the face of undeniable evidence. Bagemihl
begins with an overview of same-sex activity in animals, carefully defining
courtship patterns, affectionate behaviors, sexual techniques, mating and
pair-bonding, and same-sex parenting. He firmly dispels the prevailing
notion that homosexuality is uniquely human and only occurs in "unnatural"
circumstances. As far as the nature-versus-nurture argument--it's obviously
both, he concludes. An overview of biologists' discomfort with their own
observations of animal homosexuality over 200 years would be truly hilarious
if it didn't reflect a tendency of humans (and only humans) to respond
with aggression and hostility to same-sex behavior in our own species.
In fact, Bagemihl reports, scientists have sometimes been afraid to report
their observations for fear of recrimination from a hidebound (and homophobic)
academia. Scientists' use of anthropomorphizing vocabulary such as
insulting, unfortunate, and inappropriate to describe same-sex matings
shows a decided lack of objectivity on the part of naturalists.
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